Showing posts with label higher education. Show all posts
Showing posts with label higher education. Show all posts

Friday, November 7, 2008

Dream big, Bill Gates tells IIT students

New Delhi: "I see a spark in the Indian students," Microsoft founder and philanthropist Bill Gates told IIT students here on Wednesday, adding "...dream big. I and my friend did that 33 years back. Dream and pursue your dreams."

"I see a spark in the Indian students. They are more exposed to the ground realities than their counterparts in the US, know the challenges of poverty and therefore know how technology can be used to achieve best results in order to help the poor," he said.

"All I can say is that dream big. I and my friend did that 33 years back. Dream and pursue your dreams," Gates added to a loud applause from the audience.

Addressing a packed auditorium of enthusiastic students and curious others at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) here, Gates shared his experiences and said that one can access Microsoft's latest designer and developer tools free of cost, and use it to see their dreams come true.

Microsoft's DreamSpark, which was unveiled on February 18 this year, is a software giveaway for an estimated 10 million students in the country. It will provide them access to the latest Microsoft developer and designer tools.

"With this, students can access Windows Standard Server, XNA Game Studio 2.0, expression studio among others. This will help students unlock their creative potential and set them on the path to academic and career success," Gates told the audience.

"I see a spark in the youth across the globe. They have the advantage of the latest technology, which I did not 33 years back, and a want to help the needy. Students like you who study in such competent institutions like the Indian Institute of Technology have the potential to innovate and reach out to the needy," he said.

Talking about their research projects here, Gates said that in their research laboratory here - half of whose staff are from the IITs - developed a medium through which the farming community can benefit.

"They would have wanted to give the farmers a personal computer, but knowing the limitations, they developed a video DVD in which they filmed farmers using the best farming practices and talking in local languages. These practices were later reviewed by experts and presented in an appealing manner," Gates noted.

"Of course, a more interactive medium would have been better and we are working towards it. But for now, the farming community is happy to sit around a TV set in a village and pick up practices that benefit them," Gates said.

A university drop-out, Gates said it is "reasonably" important to get higher education, such as a master's degree or post-graduation, because that enables one to work with experts and hone one's skills.

"I criticise the university curriculum sometimes because it does not expose one to the challenges of life - see the reality of poverty for instance. But still, higher education gets you to work with professors who have a great deal of knowledge and that helps," he said. IANS

Souce: http://indiaedunews.net/IIT/Dream_big,_Bill_Gates_tells_IIT_students_6514/

Dream big, Bill Gates tells IIT students

New Delhi: "I see a spark in the Indian students," Microsoft founder and philanthropist Bill Gates told IIT students here on Wednesday, adding "...dream big. I and my friend did that 33 years back. Dream and pursue your dreams."

"I see a spark in the Indian students. They are more exposed to the ground realities than their counterparts in the US, know the challenges of poverty and therefore know how technology can be used to achieve best results in order to help the poor," he said.

"All I can say is that dream big. I and my friend did that 33 years back. Dream and pursue your dreams," Gates added to a loud applause from the audience.

Addressing a packed auditorium of enthusiastic students and curious others at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) here, Gates shared his experiences and said that one can access Microsoft's latest designer and developer tools free of cost, and use it to see their dreams come true.

Microsoft's DreamSpark, which was unveiled on February 18 this year, is a software giveaway for an estimated 10 million students in the country. It will provide them access to the latest Microsoft developer and designer tools.

"With this, students can access Windows Standard Server, XNA Game Studio 2.0, expression studio among others. This will help students unlock their creative potential and set them on the path to academic and career success," Gates told the audience.

"I see a spark in the youth across the globe. They have the advantage of the latest technology, which I did not 33 years back, and a want to help the needy. Students like you who study in such competent institutions like the Indian Institute of Technology have the potential to innovate and reach out to the needy," he said.

Talking about their research projects here, Gates said that in their research laboratory here - half of whose staff are from the IITs - developed a medium through which the farming community can benefit.

"They would have wanted to give the farmers a personal computer, but knowing the limitations, they developed a video DVD in which they filmed farmers using the best farming practices and talking in local languages. These practices were later reviewed by experts and presented in an appealing manner," Gates noted.

"Of course, a more interactive medium would have been better and we are working towards it. But for now, the farming community is happy to sit around a TV set in a village and pick up practices that benefit them," Gates said.

A university drop-out, Gates said it is "reasonably" important to get higher education, such as a master's degree or post-graduation, because that enables one to work with experts and hone one's skills.

"I criticise the university curriculum sometimes because it does not expose one to the challenges of life - see the reality of poverty for instance. But still, higher education gets you to work with professors who have a great deal of knowledge and that helps," he said. IANS

Souce: http://indiaedunews.net/IIT/Dream_big,_Bill_Gates_tells_IIT_students_6514/

Friday, October 3, 2008

Fake Universities in India

The University Grant Commission or UGC, as it is commonly known, is the statutory authority in India that is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining standards of higher education in the country. Therefore it also enjoys the power of giving grants to universities and colleges and also the power to recognize and de recognize institutes of higher education.Thus UGC is the watchdog that recognizes the fake universities in India and has the power to take action against them. According to the University Grant Commission, the following Universities are fake Universities in India.
Related link: http://www.ugc.ac.in/

Fake Universities in India

The University Grant Commission or UGC, as it is commonly known, is the statutory authority in India that is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining standards of higher education in the country. Therefore it also enjoys the power of giving grants to universities and colleges and also the power to recognize and de recognize institutes of higher education.Thus UGC is the watchdog that recognizes the fake universities in India and has the power to take action against them. According to the University Grant Commission, the following Universities are fake Universities in India.
Related link: http://www.ugc.ac.in/

Sunday, August 3, 2008

Ahluwalia praises private sector role in education

Pune, Aug 2 (IANS) It was a feast of words and wisdom as economists, bureaucrats, educationists and lawyers got together to inaugurate the Symbiosis School of Economics here. Speaking on the occasion Friday, chief guest Planning Commission Deputy Chairman Montek Singh Ahluwalia said liberalisation of the Indian industry came after prolonged efforts of industry representatives, and similarly education sector too needs some vocal stakeholders to bring about liberalisation.

Responding to Symbiosis International University chancellor S.B. Majumdar’s remarks about the red-tape in the education sector, Ahluwalia said: “In 1991 (then finance minister) Manmohan Singh gave freedom to Lakshmi (goddess of wealth), I want to ask you when are you going to give freedom to Saraswati (goddess of knowledge).”

At present, only 11 percent of Indians pursue higher education, which Ahluwalia said was not acceptable. The planning commission has set a target of raising this figure to 21 percent in the 11th Five year plan, he said.

“Given our population we need to double the number of colleges, and this is not possible through public sector participation alone. We need a private sector to pitch in,” he said.
He also applauded the private colleges and universities.

“Growth of human resource is the single most equalising factor for consistent growth of the economy. Private colleges deserve applause for their contribution in the education field,” he said.
Ahluwalia expressed concern over the current slowdown in the economic growth. “While we have been consistently for the last four years recording 8.9 percent GDP (gross domestic product) growth rate, this year we might just be able to do 8 percent.”

Ahluwalia praises private sector role in education

Pune, Aug 2 (IANS) It was a feast of words and wisdom as economists, bureaucrats, educationists and lawyers got together to inaugurate the Symbiosis School of Economics here. Speaking on the occasion Friday, chief guest Planning Commission Deputy Chairman Montek Singh Ahluwalia said liberalisation of the Indian industry came after prolonged efforts of industry representatives, and similarly education sector too needs some vocal stakeholders to bring about liberalisation.

Responding to Symbiosis International University chancellor S.B. Majumdar’s remarks about the red-tape in the education sector, Ahluwalia said: “In 1991 (then finance minister) Manmohan Singh gave freedom to Lakshmi (goddess of wealth), I want to ask you when are you going to give freedom to Saraswati (goddess of knowledge).”

At present, only 11 percent of Indians pursue higher education, which Ahluwalia said was not acceptable. The planning commission has set a target of raising this figure to 21 percent in the 11th Five year plan, he said.

“Given our population we need to double the number of colleges, and this is not possible through public sector participation alone. We need a private sector to pitch in,” he said.
He also applauded the private colleges and universities.

“Growth of human resource is the single most equalising factor for consistent growth of the economy. Private colleges deserve applause for their contribution in the education field,” he said.
Ahluwalia expressed concern over the current slowdown in the economic growth. “While we have been consistently for the last four years recording 8.9 percent GDP (gross domestic product) growth rate, this year we might just be able to do 8 percent.”

Tuesday, July 29, 2008

Higher Education System in India


DUBLIN, Ireland--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bdb517/higher_education_i) has announced the addition of the "Higher Education in India" report to their offering.
Keeping this scenario as the backdrop, the report attempts to cover the higher education system in India, the structure of various universities and curricula offered, the genesis of private initiative and its present status.
Key Findings & Highlights:
India is the third largest higher secondary education system in the world with 25 Central Universities, 231 state universities, five institutions established through state legislation, 100 deemed universities, 31 Institutes of National Importance as on 31st December 2007
- In 2005-06, the total enrolment of students in all courses (professional and non-professional) and levels in regular stream was 11.04 million.
- The foreign collaboration in B-schools has also been increasing in the recent past. India and the US are looking forward to a long-term relationship in higher education with more student and faculty exchange programmes.
- 100% FDI is allowed in higher education under the automatic route since February 2000.
- Currently, there are about 1,500 B-schools in India and the number of students passing out every year is about 100,000.
Reasons to Buy:
- Spot investment opportunities in Education industry
- Provides a thorough understanding about the various parameters to be considered to set up a hotel
- Reveals the initiatives taken by Govt to improve the country’s Higher Education
Keeping this scenario as the backdrop, the report attempts to cover the higher education system in India, the structure of various universities and curricula offered, the genesis of private initiative and its present status, initiatives taken by the Government to improve the backbone of the country’s higher education system and above all a special focus on the MBA education – its issues and challenges, placements and a broad comparison with foreign MBA institutes. The focus of the report is on higher education system and MBA education in particular. This report has total 8 chapters and discusses all the pertinent issues related to management education in India.

Higher Education System in India


DUBLIN, Ireland--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bdb517/higher_education_i) has announced the addition of the "Higher Education in India" report to their offering.
Keeping this scenario as the backdrop, the report attempts to cover the higher education system in India, the structure of various universities and curricula offered, the genesis of private initiative and its present status.
Key Findings & Highlights:
India is the third largest higher secondary education system in the world with 25 Central Universities, 231 state universities, five institutions established through state legislation, 100 deemed universities, 31 Institutes of National Importance as on 31st December 2007
- In 2005-06, the total enrolment of students in all courses (professional and non-professional) and levels in regular stream was 11.04 million.
- The foreign collaboration in B-schools has also been increasing in the recent past. India and the US are looking forward to a long-term relationship in higher education with more student and faculty exchange programmes.
- 100% FDI is allowed in higher education under the automatic route since February 2000.
- Currently, there are about 1,500 B-schools in India and the number of students passing out every year is about 100,000.
Reasons to Buy:
- Spot investment opportunities in Education industry
- Provides a thorough understanding about the various parameters to be considered to set up a hotel
- Reveals the initiatives taken by Govt to improve the country’s Higher Education
Keeping this scenario as the backdrop, the report attempts to cover the higher education system in India, the structure of various universities and curricula offered, the genesis of private initiative and its present status, initiatives taken by the Government to improve the backbone of the country’s higher education system and above all a special focus on the MBA education – its issues and challenges, placements and a broad comparison with foreign MBA institutes. The focus of the report is on higher education system and MBA education in particular. This report has total 8 chapters and discusses all the pertinent issues related to management education in India.

Thursday, July 24, 2008

Govt for stricter laws to deal with Fake Universities

New Delhi: Human Resource Development (HRD) Minister, Arjun Singh has said that the state governments have agreed to take immediate action against fake universities and dubious institutions under the Indian Penal Court (IPC). Arjun Singh said this while addressing the press on the conclusion of two-day conference of Ministers of State Governments of Higher & Technical Education here today. He also briefed the press about the consensus that emerged at the end of the deliberations in the two-day conference.The Minister had convened a meeting of Higher and Technical Education Ministers of State Governments at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on the 23rd and 24th July, 2008.Chief Minister of Goa, and Uttarakhand, Lt. Gov. of Anadaman & Nicobar Islands, Chairman of Andhra Pradesh State Council for Higher Education, Vice Chairman, Kerala State Higher Education Council, 25 State Technical / Higher Education Ministers and 29 State Technical/Higher Education Principal Secretaries/ Secretaries/ Commissioners participated in the conference. The Conference had been convened by the HRD Ministry in the backdrop of an over 9 times increase in the XI Central Five Year Plan allocation for Higher and Technical education, compared to the allocation for Education in the X Five Year Plan.The discussions during the conference revolved around the new initiatives proposed to be undertaken in Higher and Technical Education during the XI Plan, the rationale and strategy for educational reforms and the role of states in Higher and Technical Education in the implementation of new initiatives and reforms. On the first day of the conference, the Secretary (Higher Education), MHRD made a presentation highlighting new initiatives and reforms proposed to be taken up in XI Plan in Higher and Technical Education.Mr. Sukadeo Thorat, Chairman University Grants Commission (UGC) and Mr. R.A. Yadav, Chairman All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) made a presentation on Reforms and Initiatives made by UGC & AICTE in Higher and Technical Education. In addition, UGC appointed Pay Review Committee headed by Prof. G.K. Chaddha, Prof. M.M. Sharma Chairman of the Empowered Committee on strengthening basic research in Universities and Prof. Yashpal, Ex-Chairman of the UGC and Chairman of the MHRD appointed Committee on restructuring the UGC and AICTE, made presentations on the work done by their committees followed by discussions.During the XI Plan, it has been proposed to set up several new institutions including 8 Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), 7 Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), 10 National Institutes of Technology (NITs), 20 Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs), 16 Central Universities in hitherto uncovered States, 14 Central Universities aiming at world class standards, three Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERS) and two Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs).In addition, it has been decided to extend central assistance to the states for establishing 373 new degree colleges in Districts with a Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) less than the national average and provide assistance to set up 600 polytechnics including about 300 through PPP mode.It is also proposed to launch a National Mission on Education through ICT (NMEICT) which inter-alia provides broadband connectivity to all the institutions of higher and technical education, in the country. It is also proposed to incentivise the state governments for starting new institutions of higher and technical education apart from expansion and development of the existing institutions. The UGC is planning to give one time assistance for development of the State Universities and colleges not presently covered under Section 12 B of the UGC Act on equal sharing basis with State Governments so that they become eligible for UGC grant under 12 B of the UGC Act. In the case of private aided institutions, 20 percent contribution has been stipulated for the private trusts/societies with this being 10 percent in rural areas and 5 percent in tribal areas. "Implementation of these new initiatives would need active support and participation by the state governments for them to be successful. The states will also have to considerably raise their spending on education if the target of public expenditure on education reaching 6 percent of GDP has to be achieved", Arjun Singh said.
Source: http://www.indiaedunews.net/

Govt for stricter laws to deal with Fake Universities

New Delhi: Human Resource Development (HRD) Minister, Arjun Singh has said that the state governments have agreed to take immediate action against fake universities and dubious institutions under the Indian Penal Court (IPC). Arjun Singh said this while addressing the press on the conclusion of two-day conference of Ministers of State Governments of Higher & Technical Education here today. He also briefed the press about the consensus that emerged at the end of the deliberations in the two-day conference.The Minister had convened a meeting of Higher and Technical Education Ministers of State Governments at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on the 23rd and 24th July, 2008.Chief Minister of Goa, and Uttarakhand, Lt. Gov. of Anadaman & Nicobar Islands, Chairman of Andhra Pradesh State Council for Higher Education, Vice Chairman, Kerala State Higher Education Council, 25 State Technical / Higher Education Ministers and 29 State Technical/Higher Education Principal Secretaries/ Secretaries/ Commissioners participated in the conference. The Conference had been convened by the HRD Ministry in the backdrop of an over 9 times increase in the XI Central Five Year Plan allocation for Higher and Technical education, compared to the allocation for Education in the X Five Year Plan.The discussions during the conference revolved around the new initiatives proposed to be undertaken in Higher and Technical Education during the XI Plan, the rationale and strategy for educational reforms and the role of states in Higher and Technical Education in the implementation of new initiatives and reforms. On the first day of the conference, the Secretary (Higher Education), MHRD made a presentation highlighting new initiatives and reforms proposed to be taken up in XI Plan in Higher and Technical Education.Mr. Sukadeo Thorat, Chairman University Grants Commission (UGC) and Mr. R.A. Yadav, Chairman All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) made a presentation on Reforms and Initiatives made by UGC & AICTE in Higher and Technical Education. In addition, UGC appointed Pay Review Committee headed by Prof. G.K. Chaddha, Prof. M.M. Sharma Chairman of the Empowered Committee on strengthening basic research in Universities and Prof. Yashpal, Ex-Chairman of the UGC and Chairman of the MHRD appointed Committee on restructuring the UGC and AICTE, made presentations on the work done by their committees followed by discussions.During the XI Plan, it has been proposed to set up several new institutions including 8 Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), 7 Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), 10 National Institutes of Technology (NITs), 20 Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs), 16 Central Universities in hitherto uncovered States, 14 Central Universities aiming at world class standards, three Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERS) and two Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs).In addition, it has been decided to extend central assistance to the states for establishing 373 new degree colleges in Districts with a Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) less than the national average and provide assistance to set up 600 polytechnics including about 300 through PPP mode.It is also proposed to launch a National Mission on Education through ICT (NMEICT) which inter-alia provides broadband connectivity to all the institutions of higher and technical education, in the country. It is also proposed to incentivise the state governments for starting new institutions of higher and technical education apart from expansion and development of the existing institutions. The UGC is planning to give one time assistance for development of the State Universities and colleges not presently covered under Section 12 B of the UGC Act on equal sharing basis with State Governments so that they become eligible for UGC grant under 12 B of the UGC Act. In the case of private aided institutions, 20 percent contribution has been stipulated for the private trusts/societies with this being 10 percent in rural areas and 5 percent in tribal areas. "Implementation of these new initiatives would need active support and participation by the state governments for them to be successful. The states will also have to considerably raise their spending on education if the target of public expenditure on education reaching 6 percent of GDP has to be achieved", Arjun Singh said.
Source: http://www.indiaedunews.net/

Friday, June 13, 2008

India to upgrade higher education

By Siddharth Srivastava NEW DELHI -

Stung by criticism that the lack of higher learning institutions is contributing to an acute shortage of skilled manpower, the Indian government has taken out its red marker and set out to correct its once-renowned education system. New Delhi is looking to start nine new Indian Institutes of Technologies (IITs) this year, to add to the existing seven. Eight new IITs, regarded as among the top schools in the world, are proposed for Rajasthan, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Punjab provinces. Additionally, Benaras Hindu University will be converted into a full-fledged IIT. The IITs and the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), which are also to be expanded, are the two pedestals of the Indian education system, with alumni now employed as managers and engineers around the world. The IIMs and IITs function under a government charter and figure among lists of the world's 100 best management and technology institutes - in the same league with schools such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of California, Berkeley. The belated efforts of the government are welcome, but there will be no easy answers as India upgrades an education sector that is too small to meet the demands of its population, and continues to lag behind its booming economy. Even after the expansion, only a few thousand students will be selected for the IITs and IIMs from hundreds of thousands of applicants. For the undergraduate B-Tech and M-Tech programs offered through IIT-JEE (Joint Entrance Examination), for instance, around 350,000 students will compete for 5,000 seats. Similarly, for the blue-chip Indian Institute of Management (IIM), only 1,200 from a pool of about 250,000 applicants manage to procure seats each year. This makes the exam even more selective than all the top US business schools put together. In fact the overall acceptance rate at IIM ranges between 0.1% and 0.4% compared with the acceptance rate of around 5 to 10% in the top US schools. More than 90% of Indian students seeking admissions in the most desired IITs and IIMs are rejected due to capacity constraints, according to a 2008 report by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM). Forty percent of those who fail to qualify pay to study abroad, the report said. The group claimed about 450,000 Indian students are spending over US$13 billion on higher education abroad. "Over 150,000 students go overseas every year for university education, which costs India a massive foreign exchange outflow. This amount is sufficient to build many more IIMs and IITs," reported ASSOCHAM. "The trend can be reversed by opening a series of quality institutes with public-private partnership by completely deregulating higher education." Deregulation of government-controlled higher education could create annual revenues of $50-100 billion and provide 10-20 million additional jobs in the education field alone, the chamber said. It may also attract foreign students. Only 27,000 foreigners at present study in India, compared with 400,000 in Australia and 150,000 in Singapore. Implementation of a federal government blueprint for greater private and foreign participation in higher education has been stymied due to opposition by leftist parties and differences within the government. India allowed 100% foreign direct investment in education in 2001, but red tape and tough entry regulations have resulted in a poor progress. Top foreign institutes such as Harvard, Yale, MIT, Stanford, and the London School of Economics have not opened campuses in India. Instead, according to official figures, the US remains the most sought-after destination for Indian students, who form the largest proportion of international students in the US at more than 100,000. Critics say the government's plans for IIT/IIM expansion could dilute the institutions' highly regarded reputations. Ashok Misra, director of IIT Bombay, has been in favor of creating "quality under a different brand name and mandate. They can be as good or even better than IITs, but mixing a 50-year old [IIT] brand name with a new one does not make sense." Brand reputation and competition have been linked to opening India's higher education system to foreign universities, fostering competition and opportunity. Also, an increasing number of Indians who've studied abroad are now returning to India, drawn by the jobs and salaries offered by the galloping Indian economy. A global employment outlook report conducted by Manpower Inc says that India's net employment outlook for the July-September quarter 2008 is pegged at 45%, the highest in the world. Nearly 85% of IIT graduates have opted to stay back and pursue a career in India in the past five years, claims a recent study, "Changing Career Destination and Career Choices for IITians", by outsourcing firm Evalueserve. This "reverse flow" began in 2002, according to the study, with only 16% going abroad in the period until 2008. In contrast, between 1964 and 2001, 35% of IIT graduates preferred to work in the US. The Evalueserve study continues: " ... in the last five years the mindset has changed. Now, nearly 50% say India is where the action is." Even so, the growing Indian economy is grappling with severe manpower shortages. The talent crunch has forced employers to hand out 15% salary increases in the past fiscal year, much more than in the US (5.5%) and China (8%). An assessment by the human resources firm Hewitt Associates reports: "The growth in salaries is due to lack of talent in the market while companies are growing at a fast pace [30% to 35% in telecom, retail]. The supply is not keeping pace with the demand. There's a 10% to 15% shortage of talent across various levels." With luck, India's expansion of its top universities will produce more skilled manpower to meet the needs of its explosive economy.

Siddharth Srivastava is a New Delhi-based journalist.

(Copyright 2008 Asia Times Online (Holdings) Ltd. All rights reserved. Please contact us about sales, syndication and republishing.)

India to upgrade higher education

By Siddharth Srivastava NEW DELHI -

Stung by criticism that the lack of higher learning institutions is contributing to an acute shortage of skilled manpower, the Indian government has taken out its red marker and set out to correct its once-renowned education system. New Delhi is looking to start nine new Indian Institutes of Technologies (IITs) this year, to add to the existing seven. Eight new IITs, regarded as among the top schools in the world, are proposed for Rajasthan, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Punjab provinces. Additionally, Benaras Hindu University will be converted into a full-fledged IIT. The IITs and the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), which are also to be expanded, are the two pedestals of the Indian education system, with alumni now employed as managers and engineers around the world. The IIMs and IITs function under a government charter and figure among lists of the world's 100 best management and technology institutes - in the same league with schools such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of California, Berkeley. The belated efforts of the government are welcome, but there will be no easy answers as India upgrades an education sector that is too small to meet the demands of its population, and continues to lag behind its booming economy. Even after the expansion, only a few thousand students will be selected for the IITs and IIMs from hundreds of thousands of applicants. For the undergraduate B-Tech and M-Tech programs offered through IIT-JEE (Joint Entrance Examination), for instance, around 350,000 students will compete for 5,000 seats. Similarly, for the blue-chip Indian Institute of Management (IIM), only 1,200 from a pool of about 250,000 applicants manage to procure seats each year. This makes the exam even more selective than all the top US business schools put together. In fact the overall acceptance rate at IIM ranges between 0.1% and 0.4% compared with the acceptance rate of around 5 to 10% in the top US schools. More than 90% of Indian students seeking admissions in the most desired IITs and IIMs are rejected due to capacity constraints, according to a 2008 report by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM). Forty percent of those who fail to qualify pay to study abroad, the report said. The group claimed about 450,000 Indian students are spending over US$13 billion on higher education abroad. "Over 150,000 students go overseas every year for university education, which costs India a massive foreign exchange outflow. This amount is sufficient to build many more IIMs and IITs," reported ASSOCHAM. "The trend can be reversed by opening a series of quality institutes with public-private partnership by completely deregulating higher education." Deregulation of government-controlled higher education could create annual revenues of $50-100 billion and provide 10-20 million additional jobs in the education field alone, the chamber said. It may also attract foreign students. Only 27,000 foreigners at present study in India, compared with 400,000 in Australia and 150,000 in Singapore. Implementation of a federal government blueprint for greater private and foreign participation in higher education has been stymied due to opposition by leftist parties and differences within the government. India allowed 100% foreign direct investment in education in 2001, but red tape and tough entry regulations have resulted in a poor progress. Top foreign institutes such as Harvard, Yale, MIT, Stanford, and the London School of Economics have not opened campuses in India. Instead, according to official figures, the US remains the most sought-after destination for Indian students, who form the largest proportion of international students in the US at more than 100,000. Critics say the government's plans for IIT/IIM expansion could dilute the institutions' highly regarded reputations. Ashok Misra, director of IIT Bombay, has been in favor of creating "quality under a different brand name and mandate. They can be as good or even better than IITs, but mixing a 50-year old [IIT] brand name with a new one does not make sense." Brand reputation and competition have been linked to opening India's higher education system to foreign universities, fostering competition and opportunity. Also, an increasing number of Indians who've studied abroad are now returning to India, drawn by the jobs and salaries offered by the galloping Indian economy. A global employment outlook report conducted by Manpower Inc says that India's net employment outlook for the July-September quarter 2008 is pegged at 45%, the highest in the world. Nearly 85% of IIT graduates have opted to stay back and pursue a career in India in the past five years, claims a recent study, "Changing Career Destination and Career Choices for IITians", by outsourcing firm Evalueserve. This "reverse flow" began in 2002, according to the study, with only 16% going abroad in the period until 2008. In contrast, between 1964 and 2001, 35% of IIT graduates preferred to work in the US. The Evalueserve study continues: " ... in the last five years the mindset has changed. Now, nearly 50% say India is where the action is." Even so, the growing Indian economy is grappling with severe manpower shortages. The talent crunch has forced employers to hand out 15% salary increases in the past fiscal year, much more than in the US (5.5%) and China (8%). An assessment by the human resources firm Hewitt Associates reports: "The growth in salaries is due to lack of talent in the market while companies are growing at a fast pace [30% to 35% in telecom, retail]. The supply is not keeping pace with the demand. There's a 10% to 15% shortage of talent across various levels." With luck, India's expansion of its top universities will produce more skilled manpower to meet the needs of its explosive economy.

Siddharth Srivastava is a New Delhi-based journalist.

(Copyright 2008 Asia Times Online (Holdings) Ltd. All rights reserved. Please contact us about sales, syndication and republishing.)